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Mitochondria are vital organs that produce energy to keep cells alive, but they also have a double-edged sword: they produce free radicals that can harm cells.   Humans need constant energy to stay alive and active. The main way the body gets this energy is by breaking down the nutrients in food. Specifically, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are broken down in the cells to produce energy...

The rapid development of modern science and technology may not benefit all human beings equally and may lead to the formation of a new form of elite ruling class based on economic superiority, which could have serious implications for the future of humanity.   Not long ago, United Airlines in the United States made headlines for forcibly removing a yellow passenger from an airplane. It was...

This article addresses the issue of noise in public spaces, pointing out the limitations of simple regulation and emphasizing the need for a proactive approach that recognizes the cultural value of sound and creates new spaces.   In the middle of a concert by a symphony orchestra, a cell phone rings, shattering the calm flow of the music and the serene tension. The audience looked around the...

Modern people are exposed to the suffering of others primarily through the media, but this creates emotional distance and undermines compassion. The need for compassion grows in the safety of modern society and the complexity of relationships, and true compassion can be realized through solidarity.   Modern people experience the suffering of others primarily through media such as the news...

This article explores why Rosalind Franklin’s crucial contribution to the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA was never awarded a Nobel Prize, shedding light on the discrimination and prejudice faced by women scientists and examining the difficult realities of being a woman in science.   Ten years after the completion of the Human Genome Project, anyone with even a passing...

The heat generated by semiconductor chips can degrade the performance and lifespan of devices, and to reduce it, scientists are introducing new materials and design approaches. In particular, innovative technologies such as double-gate and front-gate transistors are emerging as important solutions to reduce heat generation.   Ten minutes into a call with your phone to your ear, your ear is...

Individual rationality often fails to lead to the best interests of society as a whole, and solving this problem requires a heightened sense of morality, better communication, and policy guidance.   Can individual rationality and social rationality go hand in hand? This question has long been an important debate in various disciplines, including philosophy and political science, as well as...

The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, introduced the Kyoto mechanisms, including the Joint Implementation Mechanism, Clean Development Mechanism, and Emissions Trading System, to reduce greenhouse gases. These mechanisms promote cooperation between developed and developing countries, and are designed to allow them to pursue economic benefits and environmental protection at the same time.  ...

While advances in artificial intelligence have the potential to bring convenience to humans, there are concerns that the emergence of a strong artificial intelligence could spiral out of human control, raising ethical issues and the risk of a dystopian future.   Humanity has gone through three industrial revolutions that have shaped the world like never before, and now we are preparing for...