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Starting with the question of why humans and animals persist in altruistic behavior despite the fact that it may interfere with their own survival and reproduction, the kin selection hypothesis explains that inter-family sacrifice is a strategy for spreading genes. This hypothesis interprets the evolutionary background of altruistic behavior in terms of gene sharing, and it also addresses some of...

This article presents various scenarios in which humanity may face an apocalyptic end and explores how Homo sapiens may evolve through biotechnology, cyborgization, and non-organic engineering. It is an optimistic look at the future that technological advances will bring, but it also calls for a deep rethinking of human identity and existence.   Before you start reading, let’s take a...

To prevent free riding in group work, you need a charismatic group leader and a clear division of roles. In addition, constant feedback from professors, mutual evaluations, and face-to-face meetings can help ensure fair participation. Good behavior is essential for maintaining social trust and harmony.   In high school, one of the common missions of a “good student” was to...

The Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011 caused massive economic damage to Japan, and the country is still dealing with radioactive contamination. Nuclear energy is economical, but given the risk of accidents and the high cost of cleanup, there is a need to transition to sustainable renewable energy.   The Fukushima nuclear disaster on March 11, 2011, caused an estimated 300 trillion yen in...

This article explores why Neo, the protagonist of the movie The Matrix, chose to take the red pill, comparing the value of reality and virtual reality and discussing the essential difference between the real and the fake. Neo’s choice can be interpreted not only as a physical difference, but also as an expression of the human instinct to seek psychological satisfaction and authenticity of...

Qin Shi Huang’s feverfew and the alchemist’s pursuit of the elixir of life illustrate human fear of death. While advances in science and technology may make eternal life a reality, it may also cause us to lose the meaning and happiness of life. It is important to accept death, cultivate virtue in our finite lives, and pursue happiness.   It is famous that Qin Shi Huang instructed...

The story of “The Thorn in the Side of the Road,” which we all remember as children, depicts a father sacrificing his own eye for his sick son. Altruistic behavior like this can be explained through the theory of kin selection. This is because behaviors that help the survival of individuals who share genes with you will eventually have an advantage in spreading your own genes...

We are taught to live right from elementary school through moral and ethical education, but why should we live right? We use the iteration-reciprocity hypothesis to prevent free-riding in group work and discuss the long-term benefits of altruistic behavior for individuals and society as a whole.   From elementary school through high school, we are taught to live right, or to think about...

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the ability to start from a single cell and differentiate into a variety of cells, and are being recognized as the key to curing incurable diseases and extending human life. There are various types of stem cells, including adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and reverse differentiation stem cells, each of which is under active research and...

  Self-driving cars are on the verge of commercialization, but many people still don’t understand the safety, ethical dilemmas, and liability issues in the event of an accident. Improving road infrastructure, setting ethical standards, and clarifying legal liability will be necessary, and will require collaboration between government, business, and academia.   Introduction If you...