Homo sapiens formed herds to survive, and hierarchies of dominant and subordinate groups gradually emerged in cooperative networks. Since then, societies have perpetuated hierarchies and discrimination through imagined orders and formed ideologies that privilege certain identities. The media in particular reinforces this order and perpetuates stereotypes, which have a profound impact on...

Advances in human cloning technology have opened up the possibility of curing hereditary diseases and overcoming disabilities, but the coercive and prejudicial nature of eugenics in the past has raised controversy. Modern eugenics is a far cry from the past, based on voluntary choice and scientific evidence, but debate still rages over ethical issues and potential risks.   Since modern...

Highlighted by the birth of Dolly the cloned sheep in 1997, nuclear replacement technology has opened up a wide range of possibilities for animal cloning and personalized stem cell research, but its application to human cloning could lead to serious ethical issues and social disruption. There is a risk that cloned humans will be denied the right to life and treated as expendable, and it has been...

Toyotomi Hideyoshi rose from humble beginnings to earn the trust of Oda Nobunaga and succeeded in unifying Japan, but his overweening ambition led to a disastrous invasion of Korea, and he died in loneliness and frustration in his later years. Eventually, he formed an alliance for his successor Hideyori, but his legacy was destroyed by Ishida Mitsunari’s great army and the Battle of...

Over time after slaughter, animal meat undergoes a process called aging, which involves post-mortem stiffening and acidification that gradually hardens the meat, but at the same time, natural enzymatic processes tenderize it and deepen its flavor. Meats from cows, pigs, chickens, fish, and more age at different rates, and understanding this and eating them at the right time will help you enjoy...

In the modern world, public interest hacking is seen as a valid means of checking the monopolization of information by powerful entities, but it is characterized by the unethical use of trespassing. Even for public good, there are unpredictable side effects and the potential for information misuse, so it is argued that legal regulation should ensure that hacking groups’ activities are...

  Cochineal extract is a widely used natural coloring that gives foods like strawberry milk, sweets, and ham their red color, but it can cause allergic reactions, and there have been reports of adverse reactions abroad. Some countries regulate food labels to include warnings about cochineal-derived colors, and Korea also needs to actively provide information and respond to consumer safety...

War is an extreme manifestation of human desires and contributes to the development of civilization. The various forms of modern warfare also have a profound impact on social and technological development.   Two of the most devastating wars in history are World War I and World War II. World War I was fought from July 28, 1914 to November 11, 1918, primarily in Europe. It was a massive...

  This article examines the concepts and controversies between creationism and evolution, analyzing the scientific evidence and hypotheses presented by evolutionary theory. It compares different views of the evolutionary process, including Darwin’s theory of gradualism and Dawkins’ gene-centered theory, with a focus on Gould’s theory of discontinuous equilibrium. I support...

This article discusses the regulation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and argues that the European precautionary principle is preferable to the U.S. principle of substantial equivalence. It emphasizes that European regulation should prevent environmental harm, involve input from environmentalists, consumers, and small farmers as well as experts, and take into account social issues such...