To understand why altruistic behavior persists in human societies, the theory of group selection is proposed. Group selection is the hypothesis that natural selection occurs at the group level rather than the individual level, and that altruistic behavior favors the survival of the group. Despite the fact that altruistic behavior is to the detriment of the individual, the transmission of...

The combination of stem cells and tissue engineering has made cartilage regeneration possible. Stem cells are induced with specific environments and growth factors to differentiate into chondrocytes, which are then transplanted to restore cartilage.   These days, it’s not uncommon to see ads for cartilage stem cell therapy on the street. While some people may wonder if stem cell...

Global warming is the phenomenon of rising temperatures, caused by both natural factors and human industrial activity. Natural factors include changes in the Earth’s orbit and volcanic activity, but research shows that humans’ burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and rapid increase in greenhouse gases are the main causes. Global warming is causing sea level rise, extreme weather...

People often choose to break social norms to benefit themselves. Just like the free-rider in the group task, self-interest maximizing behavior occurs in a variety of situations, including cash payments, illegal advertising, and embezzling public funds. These behaviors are more pronounced when they are perceived to be more rewarding than playing by the rules or when the probability of getting...

Altruistic behavior seems unlikely to survive from an evolutionary perspective because of its individual detrimental nature. However, certain social structures, particularly the tendency to cluster with like-minded people, create an environment in which altruistic behavior can thrive. Mutual benefit is made possible through cooperation, making altruistic behavior a long-term advantageous strategy...

Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly popular for their eco-friendliness and silence, but their silent nature is controversial. While the lack of noise has a positive impact on the residential environment, the exhaust note recognizes the vehicle’s presence, expresses its personality, and plays an important role in car culture and safety. A completely silent environment can actually...

  A smart grid is a next-generation power grid that integrates information technology (IT) into the electricity grid, enabling power providers and consumers to exchange information in real-time to increase energy efficiency. This allows consumers to consume power during times of low electricity prices, and optimize electric vehicle charging or renewable energy use to reduce greenhouse gas...

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution has been interpreted in different ways by scholars like Dawkins and Gould, and has become an important framework for understanding the evolution of life and the nature of human society. Dawkins believes that genes are the key to evolution and that life is a tool for spreading them, which has been used as an argument to explain selfish behavior and...

Piezoelectricity is the conversion of pressure applied to an object into electrical energy, and it’s used in a variety of everyday technologies, including piano steps, airbags, and pacemakers. Piezoelectric devices are used to generate power from pressure changes or to transmit signals by detecting vibrations, and while they are less efficient, they are ideal for harvesting small amounts of...

  Concerns about radiation have increased since the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, but it’s important to understand the concept and the principles of protection rather than just being fearful. Radiation is a high-energy electromagnetic wave that causes ionization of living organisms and structures, which can cause damage such as genetic deformities and infertility. The basic...