This article analyzes human cloning from a utilitarian perspective, arguing that the sacrifice of many lives in the cloning process and the social roles of cloned humans are likely to decrease utility in the long run. In Chapter 1 of his book The Genetic Revolution and Human Rights, the American philosopher Hilary Putnam articulates his reasons for opposing human cloning. He proposes the...
Patrick Süskind’s novel Perfume explores issues of genius and imitation in 18th-century France, and is emblematic of how trends and innovation work in the modern world. In the story, Giuseppe Baldini is a man who fails to make creative breakthroughs and falls behind trends, and his anguish mirrors the pressures and crises that modern people feel. Patrick Süskind’s 1985 novel...
This article discusses the book Entropy: A New Worldview by Jeremy Rifkin. In this book, Rifkin takes a critical look at the sustainability of modern civilization and industry based on the second law of thermodynamics, the law of entropy. The text introduces the possibility of humanity’s demise due to increasing entropy, which Rifkin argues is likely, but also offers counterarguments and a...
Jeremy Rifkin’s Entropy warns of energy consumption and the end of civilization through the law of entropy, but there is a counter argument that technological advances can slow the increase in entropy by making it possible to acquire energy. In Entropy, Jeremy Rifkin applies the second law of thermodynamics, the law of entropy, not only to the scientific realm but also to society at...
Advances in genetic modification technology have led to controversies such as human cloning. Weighing the positive and negative effects this technology will have on humanity, it requires a careful approach that takes into account moral and social issues. As human lifespans continue to increase, the field of biotechnology is making great strides, and biotechnologists are working tirelessly...
This course explores the role of values in atomism and science and technology through the lens of Heisenberg’s Part and Whole. While Kurt’s argument denies the need for values in science and technology, the author emphasizes the importance of values in the relationship between humans and science and ethical issues. Heisenberg’s book, “Parts and Whole,” begins with...
This course discusses the question of whether scientific progress is the result of a gradual accumulation of research achievements or a revolutionary paradigm shift. Focusing on Thomas Kuhn’s theory of scientific revolutions, it explores the nature of scientific progress by explaining the relationship between steady-state and revolutionary scientific development, as well as its...
While the Agricultural Revolution brought stability and progress to humanity, it has also been criticized for causing us to lose the abundance and freedom of the hunter-gatherer era. This raises the question of whether the Agricultural Revolution was a true development or the biggest hoax in history. Before the Agricultural Revolution, Homo sapiens lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. We...
This article explores the development of science by focusing on Thomas Kuhn’s paradigm theory. It questions whether science seeks absolute truth or merely phenomena explained by new perspectives, and reconsiders the nature and goals of scientific inquiry. As I read about the philosophy of science, I became aware of the debates about how science accumulates knowledge and progresses...
It is likely that future humans will enjoy greater happiness than we do today due to increases in the total amount of wealth and advances in the scientific study of happiness. Wealth is positively correlated with happiness to some extent, and biochemical research is uncovering ways to induce happiness. This will make future societies happier overall. Humans have long strived to lead happy...
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